-
1 ἐπεμβάλλω
A put on,πῶμα πίθοιο Hes.Op.98
;στόμι' ἐ. ἐμοί E. IT 935
; γιγνώσκοντι ἐ. heap words on one who already knows, Arist. Rh. 1406a34.2 throw down upon, δόμους ἐπεμβαλῶ will throw them on [the inmates], E.HF 864: c. acc. loci, ὄχθον ὡς ἐπεμβάλῃ that she may dash [her] upon it (dub. constr.), Id.IT 290.3 intercalate, Hdt.2.4; insert, Pl.Cra. 399a; πολλὰ ἐπὶ τὰ πρῶτα ὀνόματα ib. 414d; of parentheses, Hermog.Id.1.12 ([voice] Pass.), cf. 1.4, al.; of ingredients in a salad, Gal.6.539: metaph., γῆς σωτῆρα σαυτὸν τῷδ' ἐπεμβάλλεις λόγῳ by this story thou foistest thyself in, intrudest thyself, as saviour of the land, S.OC 463: in Inscrr. on grave-stones, put in another corpse, IGRom.4.1284, al. ([place name] Thyatira):—[voice] Med., make fresh additions, of sculptors, Pl.Plt. 277a:—[voice] Pass., of fruit-trees, to be engrafted, Ath.14.653d; cf. ἐπεμβολάς.4 thrust on, X.Cyn.10.11.II intr., flow in besides, of rivers, Id.HG4.2.11.III ἐπεμβάλλεται· τρώγει, Hsch.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπεμβάλλω
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2 βάλλω
Aβαλέω Il. 8.403
, , 1491: [tense] aor. 2 ἔβᾰλον, [dialect] Ion.προ-βάλεσκε Od. 5.331
; later [tense] aor. 1 (5.18); [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. inf.βαλέειν Il.2.414
,al., Hdt.2.111,al., butβαλεῖν Il.13.387
, 14.424; opt. βλείης in Epich.219, part.βλείς Id.176
, as if from ἔβλην (v. συμβάλλω): [tense] pf. βέβληκα: [tense] plpf. ἐβεβλήκειν, [dialect] Ep.βεβλήκειν Il.5.661
:—[voice] Med., [dialect] Ion. [tense] impf.βαλλέσκετο Hdt.9.74
: [tense] fut. βᾰλοῦμαι ([etym.] προ-) Ar.Ra. 201, ([etym.] ἐπι-) Th.6.40, etc., [dialect] Ep. βαλεῦμαι ([etym.] ἀμφι-) Od.22.103: [tense] aor. 2 ἐβᾰλόμην, [dialect] Ion. imper.βαλεῦ Hdt.8.68
.γ, used mostly in compds.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.βληθήσομαι X.HG7.5.11
, ([etym.] δια-) E.Hec. 863; alsoβεβλήσομαι Id.Or. 271
, Hld.2.13, ([etym.] δια-) D.16.2; part.δια-βεβλησόμενος Philostr. VA6.13
([dialect] Ep. [tense] fut. ξυμ-βλήσομαι, v. συμβάλλω): [tense] aor.ἐβλήθην Hdt.1.34
, Th.8.84, etc.: Hom. also has an [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. [voice] Pass.,ἔβλητο Il.11.675
,ξύμβλητο 14.39
; subj.βλήεται Od.17.472
; opt. βλῇο orβλεῖο Il.13.288
; inf.βλῆσθαι 4.115
; part.βλήμενος 15.495
: [tense] pf. βέβλημαι, [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl.βεβλήαται 11.657
(but [ per.] 3sg. h.Ap.20), opt.δια-βεβλῇσθε And.2.24
: [tense] plpf. ἐβεβλήμην ([etym.] περι-) X.HG7.4.22, ([etym.] ἐξ-) Isoc.18.17; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl.περι-εβεβλέατο Hdt.6.25
.—[dialect] Ep. [tense] pf. βεβόλημαι in special sense, v. βολέω.A [voice] Act., throw:I with acc. of person or thing aimed at, throw so as to hit, hit with a missile, freq. opp. striking with a weapon in the hand,βλήμενος ἠὲ τυπείς Il.15.495
;τὸν βάλεν, οὐδ' ἀφάμαρτε 11.350
, cf. 4.473, al.; so even inἐγγύθεν ἐλβὼν βεβλήκει.. δουρί 5.73
; and ; but later opp. τοξεύειν, D.9.17, X.An.4.2.12; ἐκ χειρὸς β. ib.3.3.15: c. dat. instrumenti, β. τινὰ δουρί, πέτρῳ, κεραυνῷ, etc., Il.13.518, 20.288, Od.5.128, etc.:βλήμενος ἢ ἰῷ ἢ ἔγχεϊ Il.8.514
: c. dupl. acc. pers. et partis,μιν βάλε μηρὸν ὀϊστῷ 11.583
: c. acc. partis only, 5.19, 657; soτὸν δ' Ὀδυσεὺς κατὰ λαιμὸν.. βάλεν ἰῷ Od.22.15
;δουρὶ βαλὼν πρὸς στῆθος Il. 11.144
: c. acc. cogn.,ἕλκος.., τό μιν βάλε Πάνδαρος ἰῷ 5.795
; also βάλε Τυδεΐδαο κατ' ἀσπίδα smote upon it, ib. 281.2 less freq. of things, ; of drops of blood, 11.536, cf. A.Ag. 1390: metaph., , cf. HF 1219; of the sun, ἀκτῖσιν ἔβαλλεν [θάμνους] Od.5.479;ἔβαλλε.. οὐρανὸν Ἠώς A.R.4.885
(so [voice] Pass.,σελήνη.. δι' εὐτρήτων βαλλομένη θυρίδων AP5.122
(Phld.)); strike the senses, of sound,ἵππων ὠκυπόδων ἀμφὶ κτύπος οὔατα βάλλει Il.10.535
, cf. S.Ant. 1188, Ph. 205 (lyr.); of smell,ὀσμὴ β. τινά Id.Ant. 412
;τάχ' ἂν πέμφιξ σε βροντῆς καὶ δυσοσμίας β. Id.Fr. 538
.3 metaph., β. τινὰ κακοῖς, φθόνῳ, ψόγῳ, smite with reproaches, etc., Id.Aj. 1244, E.El. 902, Ar. Th. 895;στεφάνοις β. τινά Pi.P.8.57
(hence metaph., praise, Id.O.2.98);φθόνος βάλλει A.Ag. 947
;φίλημα βάλλει τὴν καρδίαν Ach.Tat. 2.37
.II with acc. of the weapon thrown, cast, hurl, of missiles, rare in Hom.,βαλὼν βέλος Od.9.495
; . 346, cf. Od.20.62;ἐν νηυσὶν.. πῦρ β. Il.13.629
: c. dat., of the weapon, throw or shoot with a thing,οἱ δ' ἄρα χερμαδίοισι.. βάλλον 12.155
;βέλεσι Od.16.277
: in Prose abs., β. ἐπί τινα throw at one, Th.8.75;ἐπὶ σκοπόν X.Cyr.1.6.29
;ἐπίσκοπα Luc.Am.16
; alone,οἱ ψιλοὶ βάλλοντες εἶργον Th.4.33
: c. gen., βάλλοντα τοῦ σκοποῦ hitting the mark, Pl.Sis. 391a.2 generally of anything thrown,εἰς ἅλα λύματ' ἔβαλλον Il.1.314
;τὰ μὲν ἐν πυρὶ βάλλε Od.14.429
; [νῆα] β. ποτὶ πέτρας 12.71
; εὐνὰς β. throw out the anchor-stones, 9.137; β. σπόρον cast the seed, Theoc.25.26;β. κόπρον POxy.934.9
(iii A. D.): henceβ. ἀρούρας
manure,PFay.
118.21 (ii A. D.): metaph.,ὕπνον.. ἐπὶ βλεφάροις β. Od.1.364
;β. σκότον ὄμμασι E.Ph. 1535
(lyr.);β. λύπην τινί S.Ph.67
.b of persons, β. τινὰ ἐν κονίῃσιν, ἐν δαπέδῳ, Il.8.156, Od. 22.188;γῆς ἔξω β. S.OT 622
;β. τινὰ ἄθαπτον Id.Aj. 1333
; :—[voice] Pass.,ὑπὸ χλαίνῃ βεβλημένος AP5.164
(Mel.); on a sick-bed,Ev.Matt.
8.14: then metaph.,ἐς κακὸν β. τινά Od. 12.221
;ὅς με μετ'.. ἔριδας καὶ νείκεα β. Il.2.376
; β. τινὰ ἐς ἔχθραν, ἐς φόβον, A.Pr. 390, E.Tr. 1058; also ἐν αἰτίᾳ or αἰτίᾳ β. τινά, S.OT 657, Tr. 940 (but in E.Tr. 305 β. αἰτίαν ἔς τινα); κινδύνῳ β. τινά A.Th. 1053
.3 let fall,ἑτέρωσε κάρη βάλεν Il.8.306
, cf. 23.697;β. ἀπὸ δάκρυ παρειῶν Od.4.198
, cf. 114;κατὰ βλεφάρων β. δάκρυα Thgn. 1206
;κατ' ὄσσων E.Hipp. 1396
;αἵματος πέμφιγα πρὸς πέδῳ β. A.Fr. 183
; β. τοὺς ὀδόντας cast, shed them, Arist.HA 501b2, etc.; so βάλλειν alone, ib. 576a4;βοῦς βεβληκώς SIG958.7
([place name] Ceos).4 of the eyes, ἑτέρωσε βάλ' ὄμματα cast them, Od.16.179; ;πρόσωπον εἰς γῆν Id.Or. 958
: intr., ὀφθαλμὸς πρὸς τὸ φῶς βαλών aiming at.., Plot.2.4.5; βαλὼν πρὸς αὐτό directing one's gaze at.., Id.3.8.10.5 of animals, push forward or in front,τοὺς σοὺς [ἵππους] πρόσθε βαλών Il.23.572
; πλήθει πρόσθε βαλόντες (sc. ἵππους) ib. 639;βάλλε κάτωθε τὰ μοσχία Theoc.4.44
: metaph.,β. ψυχὰν ποτὶ κέρδεα BionFr.5.12
.6 in a looser sense, put, place, with or without a notion of haste,τὼ μὲν.. βαλέτην ἐν χερσὶν ἑταίρων Il.5.574
, cf. 17.40, 21.104;μῆλα.. ἐν νηΐ β. Od.9.470
;ἐπὶ γᾶν ἴχνος ποδὸς β. E.Rh. 721
(lyr.);φάσγανον ἐπ' αὐχένος β. Id.Or.51
;τοὺς δακτύλους εἰς τὰ ὦτα Ev.Marc.7.33
; β. πλίνθους lay bricks, Edict.Diocl.7.15; pour,οἶνον εἰς ἀσκούς Ev.Matt.9.17
;εἰς πίθον Arr.Epict.4.13.12
, cf. Dsc.1.71.5 (v.l. for ἐμβ.): metaph.,ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βάλε ποιμένι λαῶν Il.5.513
; ὅπως.. φιλότητα μετ' ἀμφοτέροισι βάλωμεν may put friendship between them, 4.16; ;ἐν καρδίᾳ β. Pi.O.13.16
; but also θυμῷ, ἐς θυμὸν β., lay to heart, A.Pr. 706, S.OT 975.b esp. of putting round,ἀμφ' ὀχέεσσι θοῶς βάλε καμπύλα κύκλα Il.5.722
; of clothes or arms,ἀμφὶ δ' Ἀθήνη ὤμοις.. βάλ' αἰγίδα 18.204
; put on,φαιὰ ἱμάτια Plb. 30.4.5
.d pay, PLond.3.1177 (ii A. D.), POxy.1448.5 (iv A. D.).7 of dice, throw,τρὶς ἓξ βαλεῖν A.Ag.33
, cf. Pl.Lg. 968e;ἄλλα βλήματ' ἐν κύβοις βαλεῖν E.Supp. 330
: so prob. ψῆφος βαλοῦσα, abs., by its throw, A.Eu. 751: metaph., εὖ or to be lucky, successful,Phld.
lr.p.51 W., Rh.1.10 S.III intr., fall,ποταμὸς Μινυήϊος εἰς ἅλα βάλλων Il.11.722
, cf. A.R.2.744, etc.; ἄνεμος κατ' αὐτῆς (sc. νεώς)ἔβαλε Act.Ap.27.14
; [ἵππους] περὶ τέρμα βαλούσας having run round the post, Il.23.462; ἐγὼ δὲ.. τάχ' ἐν πέδῳ βαλῶ (sc. ἐμαυτήν) A.Ag. 1172 (lyr.); λίμνηθεν ὅτ' εἰς ἁλὸς οἶδμα βάλητε arrive at.., A.R.4.1579; εἴσω β. enter a river's mouth, Orac. ap.D.S.8.23; βαλὼν κάθευδε lie down and sleep, Arr.Epict.2.20.10; τί οὖν, οὐ ῥέγκω βαλών; ib.4.10.29; ap. POxy.1368.51; cf. A. 11.4.2 in familiar language, away with you! be hanged!Ar.
V. 835, etc.;βάλλ' ἐς μακαρίαν Pl.Hp.Ma. 293a
, cf. Men.Epit. 389.B [voice] Med., put for oneself, ὡς ἐνὶ θυμῷ βάλλεαι that thou may'st lay it to heart, Il.20.196, cf. Od.12.218;σὺ δ' ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βάλλεο σῇσιν Hes.Op. 107
;εἰ μὲν δὴ νόστον γε μετὰ φρεσὶ.. βάλλεαι Il.9.435
;ἐς θυμὸν βαλέσθαι τι Hdt.1.84
, etc.; εἰς or ἐπὶ νοῦν, εἰς μνήμην, Plu.Thes. 24, Jul.Or.2.58a, etc. (v. supr. A.11.6); ἐπ' ἑωυτῶν βαλόμενοι on their own responsibility, Hdt.4.160, cf. 3.71, al.; ἑτέρως ἐβάλοντο θεοί, v. l. for ἐβόλοντο in Od.1.234;θεοὶ δ' ἑτέρωσε βάλοντο Q.S.1.610
.2 τόξα or ξίφος ἀμφ' ὤμοισιν βάλλεσθαι throw about one's shoulder, Il.10.333, 19.372, etc.;ἐπὶ κάρα στέφη β. E.IA 1513
(lyr.).4 lay as foundation,κρηπῖδα βαλέσθαι Pi.P.7.3
, cf. 4.138, Luc.Hipp.4; also, lay the foundations of, begin to form,οἰκοδομίας Pl.Lg. 779b
;χάρακα Plb.3.105.10
, Poll. 8.161; simply, build,ἱερὸν περί τι Philostr.VA4.13
; β. ἄγκυραν cast anchor, Hdt.9.74, etc.; .II rarely, χρόα βάλλεσθαι λουτροῖς dash oneself with water, bathe, h.Cer.50 (butλουτρὰ ἐπὶ χροῒ βαλεῖν E.Or. 303
). (Arc. - δέλλω in ἐς-δέλλοντες, = ἐκ-βάλλοντες, IG5(2).6.49: ζέλλειν· βάλλειν, Hsch. Root g[uglide]el- 'throw', Skt. galati 'trickle', OHG. quellan 'spurt up', Lith. gulēti 'lie'.) -
3 ἐρείπω
Aἔρειπον Il.12.258
(v. sub fin.): [tense] fut. , X.Cyr.7.4.1 : [tense] aor. Iἤρειψα Hdt.1.164
, ([etym.] ἐξ-) Pi.P.4.264 : intr. in [tense] aor. 2 ἤρῐπον (v. infr. II), and [tense] pf. ἐρήρῐπα ([etym.] κατ-) Il.14.55:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. I ἠρειψάμην ([etym.] ἀν-) only f.l., v. Ανερείπομαι: [tense] aor. 2 ἠριπόμην (in pass.sense) AP9.152 (Agath.):— [voice] Pass., [tense] aor. I part. ; ind.ἠρίφθην Arr.An.1.21.4
codd., ([etym.] κατ-) ib.2.22.7 : [tense] aor. 2 ἠρίπην [pron. full] [ῐ] (v. infr.): [tense] pf. ἐρήριμμαι ib. 1.21.6 ; ἤρειμμαι ([etym.] κατ-) IG12(3).326.20 (Thera, ii A. D.): [tense] plpf. ἐρήριπτο ([etym.] κατ-) Arr.An.1.19.2 ; cj. for ἠρείπετο in Plu.Brut.42 ; [dialect] Ep.ἐρέριπτο Il.14.15
; late Proseἠρήριπτο Agath.1.10
.—Poet. Verb (also in Hdt., X., Plb. and later Prose):— throw or dash down, tear down,ἔρειπον ἐπάλξεις Il.12.258
;ἔρειπε δὲ τεῖχος Ἀχαιῶν 15.361
; ὄχθας καπέτοιο..ποσσὶν ἐρείπων ib. 356 ;προμαχεῶνα ἕνα τοῦ τείχεος ἐ. Hdt. 1.164
(v. sub fin.);πόλιν..ἐρείψεις S.OC 1373
: metaph.,λαοὺς διχοστασίαις ἤρειπον B.10.68
; [ Λαβδακίδας] ἐρείπει θεῶν τις some god casts them down, S.Ant. 596(lyr.):—[voice] Pass., to be thrown down, fall in ruins,ἐρέριπτο δὲ τεῖχος Ἀχαιῶν Il.14.15
; τῆς μὲν ἐρειπομένης (sc. γαίης) Hes.Th. 704 ;τῶν πύργων ἐρειπομένων Plb.1.42.10
; (v.l. ἐρεισθείς); ἐρείπεται κτύπος..Διόβολος the thunder comes crashing down, Id.OC 1462(lyr.); ἐρείπεσθαι εἴς τινα to fall upon.., Plu.Alex.33 : [tense] aor. 2 part. [voice] Pass. fallen,Pi.
O.2.43 (v.l.-όντι, cf. A.D.Synt.280.21).II intr., [tense] aor. 2 ἤρῐπον, [dialect] Ep. ἔρῐπον, fall down,ἤριπε δ' ἐξ ὀχέων Il.5.47
, etc.; γνὺξ δ' ἔριπε fell on his knee, ib.68; ἐν κονίῃ, ἐν κονίῃσι, ib.75, 11.743 ; oftrees,ἡ δ' ἐκ ῥιζέων ἐριποῦσα 21.243
: hence, of a warrior, ;ἀπ' οὐρανοῦ ἤριπεν ἀστὴρ ἐν πόντῳ Theoc.13.50
: metaph., δείματι ἤριπεν her heart sank with terror, Simon.37.3; where this tense is apptly. trans., as in Hdt.9.70, Paus.10.32.6, ἤρειπον may be restored. -
4 ῥάσσω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to beat, to smash, to thrust, to stamp' (also of dancers), intr. `to strike, to dash' (hell.).Other forms: Att. ῥάττω, Ion. ῥήσσω (ep. Σ 571, ἐπι- ῥάσσω Ω 454, 456, h.Ap. 516, also LXX, NT), fut. ῥάξω, aor. ῥᾶξαι (Att., hell.), ῥαχθῆναι (LXX).Derivatives: 1. σύρ-, πρόσ-ραξις f. `crash, impact' (Arist., pap.), ἀπό- ῥάσσω n. of a ball-game (Poll., Eust.). 2. κατα-ρράκτης as adj. `rushing down, precipitous' (S., Str.), as subst. m. `waterfall' (D. S., Str.), `portcullis, boarding bridge' (LXX, App. a.o.), n. bird that sweeps down (Ar., Arist.), Κατα-ρρήκτης m. n. of a river in Phrygia (Hdt.); κατα-ρρακτήρ `rushing down' (Lyc.; of a bird). 3. ῥακτήριον ὄρχησίς τις, - τήρια τύμπανα H., ῥακτήριος approx. `suitable for beating', also `clamorous'? (S. Fr. 802 u. 699); ῥάκτριαι f. (- ια n.?) pl. `staffs, to beat off olives' (Poll., H., Phot.). On ῥάγ-δην, - δαῖος s. ῥαγή; on ῥαχία s.v.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Rather rare verb, which in the koine was confused with ῥήγνυμι. Without certain connection. As before the ῥ- a consonant must have disappeared, an original PGr. *Ϝρά̄χ-ι̯ω (cf. ῥαχ-ία) can be identified with a Slavic verb for `beat' (also with loss of u̯-), e.g. Russ. razítь, Czech. raziti, to which a.o. Czech. ráz `stroke, stamp', Russ. raz `turn', IE *u̯rāǵ(h)- (WP. 1, 318f. with Lidén Ein balt.-slav. Anlautges. 24 f.). The Slav. words, however, have also been connected with Russ. rézatь `cut, slaughter', OCS rězati ' κόπτειν' etc. and so with ῥήγνυμι (s. Vasmer s. raz II and Fraenkel s. rė́zti 1), which however clearly semant. slightly deviate. (As in Greek ῥήσσω and ῥήγνυμι, so in Slav. the corresponding verbs may have partly coalesced. -- The attractive connection with ἀράσσω (Bechtel Lex. s. ῥήσσω with Joh. Schmidt; cf. ταλα-: τλᾱ-, ταράξαι: θρά̄σσω) would require a PGr. *Ϝαράχ-ι̯ω; but there is no trace of a Ϝ-. Cf. ῥάχις.Page in Frisk: 2,643-644Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥάσσω
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